Breast augmentation is one of the most widely performed cosmetic procedures, helping many individuals feel more confident in their appearance. When done correctly, results can be both natural-looking and long-lasting. However, breast implants are not without potential risks. As with any surgical procedure, complications may occur — some minor and temporary, others requiring further medical attention.
This blog explores the most common complications, rare but serious risks, and the importance of ongoing aftercare. Whether you’re considering surgery for the first time or already have implants, understanding these factors is key to making informed decisions.
Common Complications Associated with Breast Implants
Complications are not necessarily a sign of poor surgical practice — they can occur due to individual anatomy, implant type, surgical technique, or the body’s natural healing response. Some of the most frequently encountered issues include:
Capsular Contracture
This occurs when the body forms excessive scar tissue around the implant, causing it to feel firm or appear misshapen. In more severe cases, it can lead to discomfort.
“Capsular contracture is one of the most common complications, and it can happen to anyone — even years after surgery,” explains Mr David McMillan, Consultant Plastic Surgeon. “The good news is, we have a range of options to manage it, from massage and medication to surgical revision if needed.”
Implant Rupture or Leakage
Saline implants typically deflate when ruptured, making detection straightforward. Silicone implant ruptures, however, can go unnoticed without imaging and are often referred to as “silent ruptures.”
“Silicone implants are safe, but they do require long-term monitoring,” says Miss Priya Anand, Aesthetic Breast Surgeon. “Rupture doesn’t always cause immediate symptoms, which is why routine scans are advised every few years.”
Changes in Sensation
Loss of nipple or breast sensitivity can occur, particularly when larger implants are used or when nerves are disrupted during surgery. While many patients regain sensation over time, for some, the change may be permanent.
Infection or Haematoma
Although rare, infections can develop post-operatively and may necessitate implant removal in severe cases. Haematomas, or pockets of blood, may also form and require drainage.
Less Common but Serious Risks
Some risks, while far less common, can be more serious and deserve careful consideration during the consultation process.
Breast Implant Illness (BII)
BII is a term used by patients who experience a range of unexplained symptoms such as fatigue, joint pain, hair loss, and cognitive difficulties, which they attribute to their breast implants. Although BII is not officially recognised as a diagnosable condition, patient experiences are increasingly being acknowledged by the medical community.
“We’re still learning about BII, but patient voices are central to this conversation,” says Dr Charlotte Hale, Reconstructive Surgeon. “For individuals who believe their implants are affecting their health, explantation can sometimes bring relief.”
BIA-ALCL (Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma)
This is a rare cancer of the immune system linked to certain textured implants. While treatable in most cases and very rare, BIA-ALCL can present years after surgery with swelling or a mass around the implant.
“We want to stress that the overall risk is very low,” explains Mr Richard Evans, Consultant Oncoplastic Surgeon. “But it’s something all patients need to be aware of. Education around symptoms and regular follow-up can ensure early detection if it does occur.”
Long-Term Aftercare and Monitoring
Breast implants are not considered lifetime devices. Over time, they may require replacement or removal due to natural ageing, tissue changes, or complications. Regular check-ups with your surgeon and periodic imaging — particularly for silicone implants — are essential.
“Informed patients are the safest patients,” says Mr Adam Lowe, Aesthetic Plastic Surgeon. “Having realistic expectations and committing to long-term follow-up is what ensures the best outcomes.”
Patients should be alert to changes in breast shape, firmness, or the appearance of swelling. Reporting any concerns early gives surgeons the best chance to manage issues before they progress.
Breast implant complications can be unsettling, but they are often treatable when caught early. Most patients go on to enjoy their results for many years with no major issues. The key is to choose an experienced, fully qualified surgeon who will guide you through every stage — from initial consultation to long-term aftercare.
A balanced understanding of both the benefits and risks ensures you’re equipped to make decisions that support your health, safety, and confidence. Whether you’re considering surgery or already have implants, staying informed is your best tool for peace of mind.
Book A Breast Implant Health Check
Regular breast implant health checks are an important part of your breast implant aftercare to avoid and detect any potential health issues. Talk to a professional such as Implant Health to discuss your needs before booking an appointment.
